Servant Leadership and Ethical Climate in Enhancing Employee Ethical Behavior through Moral Identity in Service Organizations
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61132/jukerdi.v3i3.1621Keywords:
Employee Ethical Behavior, Ethical Climate, Moral Identity, Servant Leadership, Service Organizations.Abstract
Perilaku etis karyawan sangat penting untuk menjaga kepercayaan, kualitas layanan, dan keberlanjutan organisasi, khususnya di organisasi jasa di mana karyawan berinteraksi erat dengan pelanggan dan pemangku kepentingan. Studi ini meneliti pengaruh kepemimpinan yang melayani dan iklim etis terhadap perilaku etis karyawan melalui peran mediasi identitas moral. Desain penelitian kuantitatif eksploratif digunakan yang melibatkan 250 karyawan dari berbagai organisasi jasa yang dipilih menggunakan pengambilan sampel bertujuan. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner skala Likert lima poin dan dianalisis menggunakan Pemodelan Persamaan Struktural Kuadrat Terkecil Parsial (PLS-SEM). Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kepemimpinan yang melayani dan iklim etis secara signifikan dan positif memengaruhi identitas moral dan perilaku etis karyawan. Identitas moral juga memiliki pengaruh positif yang signifikan terhadap perilaku etis karyawan dan muncul sebagai prediktor terkuat dalam model struktural. Lebih lanjut, identitas moral sebagian memediasi pengaruh kepemimpinan yang melayani dan iklim etis terhadap perilaku etis karyawan. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa perilaku etis dibentuk oleh interaksi antara praktik kepemimpinan, lingkungan etis organisasi, dan nilai-nilai moral yang diinternalisasi karyawan. Oleh karena itu, organisasi jasa harus memperkuat kepemimpinan yang berorientasi pada pelayanan, mempertahankan standar etis yang konsisten, dan mendorong pengembangan moral karyawan untuk menumbuhkan perilaku etis yang berkelanjutan.
Downloads
References
Agyapong, E., King, S. M., & Roberts, G. E. (2023). Servant leadership and ethics: Testing the relationship between personality and ethical predispositions of public administrators and managers in local government. In The Palgrave handbook of servant leadership (Vol. 2, pp. 1597–1625). Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-01323-2_96
Al Halbusi, H., Ruiz-Palomino, P., & Williams, K. A. (2023). Ethical leadership, subordinates’ moral identity and self-control: Two- and three-way interaction effect on subordinates’ ethical behavior. Journal of Business Research, 165, 114044. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2023.114044
Beehner, C. G. (2020). Servant leadership as a pathway to a sustainable future. In Management for professionals (pp. 65–82). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38129-5_4
Brière, M., Le Roy, J., & Meier, O. (2021). Linking servant leadership to positive deviant behavior: The mediating role of self-determination theory. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 51(2), 65–78. https://doi.org/10.1111/jasp.12716
Cai, H., Zhu, L., & Jin, X. (2024). Construed organizational ethical climate and whistleblowing behavior: The moderated mediation effect of person–organization value congruence and ethical leader behavior. Behavioral Sciences, 14(4), 293. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14040293
Canavesi, A., & Minelli, E. (2022). Servant leadership: A systematic literature review and network analysis. Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal, 34(3), 267–289. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10672-021-09381-3
Gerpott, F. H., Van Quaquebeke, N., Schlamp, S., & Voelpel, S. C. (2019). An identity perspective on ethical leadership to explain organizational citizenship behavior: The interplay of follower moral identity and leader group prototypicality. Journal of Business Ethics, 156(4), 1063–1078. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-017-3625-0
Heine, E. C. E., Stouten, J., & Liden, R. C. (2023). Providing service during a merger: The role of organizational goal clarity and servant leadership. Journal of Business Ethics, 184(3), 627–647. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-022-05162-6
Jameel, A., Khan, M. M., & Ahmed, S. S. (2024). When identity is sanctity: Servant leadership guarding against moral disengagement through building strong moral identity in the presence of organizational politics. Kybernetes, 53(11), 4778–4796. https://doi.org/10.1108/K-03-2023-0509
Jiang, K., Hu, J., Liao, H., Hong, Y., & Liu, S. (2016). Do it well and do it right: The impact of service climate and ethical climate on business performance and the boundary conditions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 101(11), 1553–1568. https://doi.org/10.1037/apl0000138
Kao, F.-H., & Cheng, B.-S. (2017). Proservice or antiservice employee behaviors: A multilevel ethics perspective. Human Performance, 30(5), 272–290. https://doi.org/10.1080/08959285.2017.1399130
Kumar, J. A., & Ramraj, A. B. (2025). The role of ethical climate and leadership in shaping work commitment and organizational behaviour. In Advances in ethical work climate and employee well-being (pp. 67–92). IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-8819-8.ch004
Reddy, A. V., & Kamesh, A. V. S. (2020). Mediating role of trust on the relationship between servant leadership and team commitment among the employees of IT-sector in South India. Organizatsionnaya Psikhologiya, 10(4), 12–40.
Robinson, G. M., Neubert, M. J., & Miller, G. (2018). Servant leadership in sport: A review, synthesis, and applications for sport management classrooms. Sport Management Education Journal, 12(1), 39–56. https://doi.org/10.1123/smej.2016-0023
Rosa-Díaz, I., Martín-Ruiz, D., & Cepeda-Carrión, G. (2023). The effect of servant leadership on employee outcomes: Does endogeneity matter? Quality & Quantity, 57, 637–655. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11135-021-01109-7
Telkamp, J. B., & Anderson, M. H. (2025). Bringing personality into ethics: Is a moral identity mainly a desire to be agreeable? Personality and Individual Differences, 244, 113249. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2025.113249
Teresi, M., Pietroni, D. D., Barattucci, M., Giannella, V. A., & Pagliaro, S. (2019). Ethical climate(s), organizational identification, and employees’ behavior. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 1356. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01356
Udin, U. (2024). Servant leadership in higher education: A bibliometric analysis. Pakistan Journal of Life and Social Sciences, 22(1), 4390–4401. https://doi.org/10.57239/PJLSS-2024-22.1.00322
Ullah, M., Yasir, M., Hamayun, M., Ullah, A., & Khan, S. N. (2021). Servant leadership and ethical climate as antecedents of turnover intentions in the restaurant industry of Pakistan. Academy of Entrepreneurship Journal, 27(Special Issue 2), 1–16.
Wiernik, B. M., & Ones, D. S. (2018). Ethical employee behaviors in the consensus taxonomy of counterproductive work behaviors. International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 26(1), 36–48. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijsa.12199
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Jurnal Kewirausahaan Cerdas dan Digital
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
